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Golf in the Gilded Age:
Robber Barons, Railroads, and Resort Hotels / 13

American golf had its birth in the Gilded Age (1870s-1890s), and by the close of the 19th century the United States had more golf courses than Britain. This start is inextricably intertwined with the dominant Tycoons of the day, and this in turn entangles the foundation of golf in America with the expansion of their railroads and their associated Grand Hotels in exclusive resort locations.

From 1900 to the advent of WWII, golf in America added sinew and muscle on this underlying frame to make the Resort golf experience truly spectacular and widely accessible outside the echelons of elite society. The enduring legacy has been that the popularization of golf in America is indelibly stamped with the watermark of excellence set by these fabulous early Resorts.

Hotels and Resort Golf

Palm Beach

Hotel Royal Ponciana 1900

Hotel Royal Ponciana 1894

Hotel Royal Ponciana 1902

Hotel Royal Ponciana Veranda 1904

Florida East Coast RR Hotel Trolley 1905

Hotel Royal Ponciana Gardens 1905

Hotel Royal Ponciana Palm Gardens

Hotel Royal Ponciana

1901 Layout, Golf Links at Palm Beach, between Royal Poinciana and The Breakers

Palm Beach Golf Links 1904

Palm Beach Golf Links #3 Sand Green 1904

Palm Beach Golf Links #5 Sand Green 1905

Palm Beach Golf links ca. 1910

ca. 1910

The Breakers Hotel, Palm Beach, view east across golf course to Atlantic

The Breakers

The Breakers and Golf Links 1920s

Flagler home Whitehall 1902

Whitehall Entrance

Whitehall 1902

Whitehall (bottom left) and The Breakers on Atlantic shore, Royal Ponciana across golf links at Lake Worth, 1947 aerial view

Whitehall Mansion 1920s

Whitehall Mansion 1920s

Whitehall 1920

Whitehall 1925

Whitehall 1925

Whitehall 1925

Whitehall Interior 1925

Whitehall Library

Whitehall Ballroom 1925

Whitehall Lobby 1925

Whitehall Patio 1925

Whitehall Music Room

Whitehall Pavillion, East Coast RR

 

Whitehall "Hotel" 1940s

Greta Garbo at Whitehall Hotel 1940

US Senator Smathers and the Duke of Windsor at Palm Beach Golf Links 1951

Jackie Gleason and Arnold Palmer at Palm Beach Golf Links 1960s

West Palm Beach Station, Florida East Coast RR

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