 Playing
Condition |
General
Speed
Stimpmeter
Mowing Height
Rolling
Topdressing
Other Factors
Hole Setup
Tournaments
Ball Mark Repair
Spikes
Specific Greens
| General |
Preparing the green - USGA Video
USGA GR (Mar 2002): Course Presentation: Playability vs. Aesthetics
USGA GR (Jul 1997): Preparing Greens for That All-Important Tournament
†Skorulski - Too much consistency?
†Radko - A study of putting green variability.
†Foy - Going for the gold with bermudagrass greens.
†Foy
- Going for the gold with bermudagrass greens. II.
Finetuning Bermuda Greens (II)
†McWhirter - Effect of vertical mowing and aerification on golf green quality.
†Salaiz - Mowing height and vertical mowing frequency effects on putting green quality.
†Beard - Quality playing conditions--the role of research.
†Baker - Rootzone composition and the performance of golf greens. I. Sward characteristics before and after the first year of simulated wear.
†Baker - Rootzone composition and the performance of golf greens. II. Playing quality under conditions of simulated wear.
†Mitchell - Quality playing conditions for every day.
†Buchanan - Place the emphasis on playing conditions
†Berg - A golfer's view of maintenance.
| Speed |
USGA GR: Speed Demons: Who's to Blame in the Need for Speed? (Jan/Feb 2006)
USGA GR: Green Speed: Trick or Treat? (Jul 2006)
USGA GR: Where is Green Speed Taking the Game? (May 2005)
USGA GR (Mar 1997): Green Speed Physics
USGA GR (Nov 1995): SPEED -- Consider What's Right for Your Course
UFL, Bermudagrass speeds: can fast greens be green?
†Chalmers - Putting green management for quality and speed -- fertilization.
†Buchanan - Putting green management for quality and speed -- mowing, top dressing, aeration.
†Owens - Putting green management for quality and speed -- mowing.
†Hankley - Putting green management for quality and speed -- mowing, top dressing, aeration, irrigation, pesticide application.
†Reese - Putting green management for quality and speed -- improvement.
†Buchanan - Putting green management for quality and speed -- irrigation, top dressing mowing. (1984)
†Owens - Putting green management for quality and speed -- fertilization, mowing. (1984)
†Hankley - -Putting green management for quality and speed. (1984)
†Zedreck - Food for thought--regarding fast greens. †Engel - Some (more) thoughts on putting green speed.
†Weber - Green speed physics: the laws of physics applied to golf course maintenance practices.
†Brede - Correction for slope in green speed measurement of golf course putting greens.
| Stimpmeter |
USGA Measuring green speed on sloped putting greens
Use Of The Stimpmeter - USGA Animation
†Hartwiger - Measure putting green speed.
†Gaussoin - A modified stimpmeter for small-plot turfgrass research.
†Thomas - The stimpmeter and the open.
Stimpmeter. BMS Europe Ltd. Turf Care Tools
†Thomas - Ups and downs with the Stimpmeter: how it all began Golf course tool, turfgrass management.
†Albaugh - A new turf menace Stimpmeter, golf course management.
†Mitchell - It's a good tool--use with caution and restraint Stimpmeter, putting green quality, golf course.
†Zontek - Up with the Stimpmeter Measuring putting green speed, golf course.
| Mowing Height |
- See also Maintenance (Yellow, Top Menu)
- Turgeon - Mowing
†Kopec - Bentgrass green performance: initial investigations of mowing height and rolling.
†Fagerness - Plant growth regulators and mowing height affect ball roll and quality of creeping bentgrass putting greens.
†Hoos - Putting greens--the height of cut.
| Rolling |
USGA GR (Jan 2002): More Light on Lightweight Rolling
Golfdom, The Putting surface: Rollers reconsidered
USGA GR (Jul 1996): Hartwiger - The ups and downs of rolling putting greens.
†Kopec - Bentgrass green performance: initial investigations of mowing height and rolling.
†Beard - Turf rolling: research indicates that turf rolling improves putting green speed.
†Latham - Rolling out the ups and downs of green speed.
| Topdressing |
See also Maintenance (Yellow, Top Menu)
Turgeon - Smoothing the Surface
Golfdom, Take charge of your topdressing
†Gaussoin
- Built for (green) speed: managing ball roll.
| Other Factors |
Fungicide Effects on Ball Roll - UW Turfgrass Pathology Research
USGA GR: Rootzone Depth Affects Putting Green Performance (Nov 2005)
USGA GR: Grain on the Brain (Nov 2005)
†Rist - Season and genotype influence golf ball roll distance on creeping bentgrass.
†Rist
- Golf ball deceleration measuring system to evaluate surface uniformity
on golf course greens.
†Baker - Rootzone composition and the performance of golf greens. I. Sward characteristics before and after the first year of simulated wear.
†Baker - Rootzone composition and the performance of golf greens. II. Playing quality under conditions of simulated wear.
†Baker - The effect of rootzone composition on the playing quality of Festuca/Agrostis/Poa annua golf greens
†Fagerness - Plant growth regulators and mowing height affect ball roll and quality of creeping bentgrass putting greens.
TurfFax May-Jun 1999 - New & renovated Greens & Ball Bounce
†Buchanan - Why don't the greens hold?
| Hole Setup |
†Happ - Hole placement: the art of cutting the hole.
Selecting hole locations - USGA video
Changing
hole locations - USGA video
Hole / Cup Location Principles
USGA GR (May 1995): No Holes: "Play(Practice) Away, Please" (practice greens without holes)
†Cardace
- Set it up right! Routine turf management and course setup influence
USGA course and slope ratings.
| Tournaments |
†Moncrief - Bermudagrass greens for championship conditions.
†Moraghan - Member-Guest or U.S. open: How to prepare for a tournament.
†Zontek - Preparing your greens for that all-important tournament.
†Hawes - The secrets of championship greens revealed.
†Rhoads - Requirements for play the professional's view.
| Ball Mark Repair |
Golfers Need Turf Etiquette 05/03/01
Repairing Ball Marks - USGA Video
USGA GR (Jul 2003): Ball Marks on Bentgrass: Blame the Golfer, Not the Cultivar
USGA GR (Jan 2002): Ball Mark Recovery as Influenced By Growth Regulators and Bio-Stimulants
USGA GR (May 1993): Ball Marks to Bentgrass
†Oatis - Ball marks to bentgrass.
†Skorulski
- Golfers' role in maintenance.
| Spikes |
USGA - The Rules of Golf-Etiquette (spike mark repair)
USGA GR (Sep 2003): PGA Touring Pros Evaluate Putting Greens for Spike Damage
USGA GR (Sep 1996): The Metallic Mashers of Monocots -- Golf Spikes!
USGA GR (Nov 1996): Taking Spikeless Shoes Public
†Gilhuly - The metallic mashers of monocots: golf spikes!
†Gross
- Spikeless golf shoes--avoiding a slip-up.
†Happ
- Reduce the risk. (spikeless traction)
Yikes, spikes! Non-metal cleats offer advantages
| Specific Greens |